The test of FORTRESS America is not whether commanders can keep operating after everyone else has stopped. It is whether defence planning helps prevent everyone else from stopping in the first place.
Coups are not accidents. They are outcomes of institutional design shaped by fear, mistrust, and the imperative of survival. Bangladesh’s history, from 1975’s cascading coups to 2007’s indirect intervention, shows how the struggle to control the guardians of the state can redefine politics itself.
Superpowers are increasingly reluctant to send their children into combat and expose them to trauma. This gradual shift has opened vast, hard-to-predict possibilities for new forms of warfare with their effects rippling outward like the countless waves of the sea.
